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FRANKENSTEIN

Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley: A Chronology
 
1797 William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft marry on 29 March. Mary W. Godwin is born on 30 August; her mother dies ten days later.
1801 [Age 4] William Godwin and Mrs. Mary Jane Clairmont marry on 21 December. Mrs. Clairmont brings with her a son Charles (aged 7) and daughter Jane (4), later called Claire, to join young Mary and Fanny Imlay (daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft by Gilbert Imlay).
1807 [Age 10] Godwin family move to Skinner Street, Holborn.
1812 [Age 14-15] On 3 January, Percy Bysshe Shelley, recently married to Harriet Westbrook, starts a correspondence with Godwin, whose ideas he reveres. He becomes a regular visitor to his house in the autumn, during Mary's absence. She has gone for a long stay with the Baxter family in Dundee, but meets Percy and Harriet on a brief visit home on 11 November.
1814 [Age 16-17] Mary returns home in May and begins a relationship with Percy Shelley. On 28 July they elope to the Continent, taking with them Claire Clairmont. On 30 November Harriet Shelley gives birth to Charles, her second child. Mary, Percy and Claire return to England in September.
1815 [Age 17] In February, Mary gives premature birth to a daughter who dies, unnamed, a few days later. By August Mary and Percy have settled at Bishops Gate, Windsor.
1816 [Age 18-19] In January, Mary gives birth to a son, William. The family, along with Claire, leave England for Geneva in early May. They meet Byron (with whom Claire has already formed a liaison) and take up residence next to him at Cologny, near Geneva. Mary begins to write Frankenstein in June. In July, Mary and Percy visit and explore the Mer de Glace at Chamonix, a major inspiration for Mary's novel. In September they return to England. On 9 October, Fanny Imlay, Mary's half-sister, commits suicide. Two months later Harriet Shelley is found drowned. Mary and Percy marry in London on 30 December.
1817 [Age 19-20] In March the Shelleys, with Claire and her daughter Allegra (by Byron), move to Marlow. In May Frankenstein is completed. Mary gives birth to a daughter, Clara, in September. History of a Six Weeks' Tour is published in November.
1818 [Age 20-21] Frankenstein is published on 11 March, and Mary, Percy, Claire and the children all leave for Italy the same day. In June they settle for two months at Bagni di Lucca, moving to Este in September. Baby Clara dies in Venice. Whilst there they visit Byron. In December they travel south to Rome and settle in Naples for the winter. Mary and Percy go sightseeing together.
1819 [Age 21-2] In March they return to Rome. More tragedy as their son William dies in June: so far all Mary's children have perished. At this time Mary writes the semi-autobiographical Mathilda, a novella on the theme of father-daughter incestuous love which is not, however, destined to be published in her own lifetime. They depart for Leghorn. Having moved to Florence for her approaching confinement, Mary gives birth to a son, Percy Florence, in November. He will be the only Shelley child to survive.
1821 [Age 23-4] In April they return to Bagni di San Giuliano for the summer. In October they move to Pisa, with Edward and Jane Williams and Lord Byron as near neighbours. Mary sends her novel Castruccio (later entitled Valperga) to London for publication.
1822 [Age 24-5] In May, the Shelleys settle with the Williamses at Casa Magni, near Lerici. One month later, Mary almost dies from a miscarriage, but is saved by the quick-thinking efforts of her husband. In early July Percy and Edward sail to Leghorn to meet Leigh Hunt, but are lost at sea in a storm on the return journey. In September Mary joins the Hunts and Byron at Geneva.
1823 [Age 25] Valperga is published in February.  The second edition of Frankenstein is published.  In August Mary returns to London.
1824 [Age 26] In the spring Mary begins work on The Last Man, a novel set in the twenty-first century and purporting to be the narrative of the lone survivor in a world decimated by plague.  Byron dies in Greece.  Mary's edition of Percy Shelley's Posthumous Poems is published but suppressed at the insistence of Sir Timothy Shelley, his father.
1824-39 [Age 26-41] During these years, Mary Shelley writes numerous articles and stories for various magazines and journals, including the London Magazine, the Westminster Review, and the Keepsake.
1826 [Age 28-9] The Last Man is published in February.  Percy Florence becomes heir to the Shelley title and estate in September when Charles Bysshe, Shelley's son by Harriet, dies.
1830 [Age 32] Perkin Warbeck, Mary's fourth novel, is published.
1832 [Age 35] Percy Florence is entered at Harrow.
1835 [Age 37] Lodore is published.
1836 [Age 38] William Godwin dies on 7 April.
1837 [Age 39] Falkner, Mary's last novel, is published.  In July, Percy Florence is entered at Trinity College, Cambridge.
1838-9 [Age 40-41] Mary exercises her exceptional biographical talents by writing and publishing Lives of the Most Eminent Literary and Scientific Men of France (2 vols.) for Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopaedia.
1839 [Age 41] Mary prepares and publishes an edition of Percy Shelley's Poetical Works.  Although Sir Timothy still forbids her to write a biography of the poet, she is able to include biographical material in her notes to the poems.  Percy Shelley's Essays, Letters and Translations are also published.
1844 [Age 46] Rambles in Germany and Italy, a book based on Mary's Continental tours with Percy Florence and his friends between 1840 and 1843, is published.
1851 [Age 53] Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley dies on 1 February at Chester Square, London.  She is buried between the remains of her mother and father in St. Peter's Churchyard, Bournemouth.

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